ABSTRACT
Recently some attempts have been made to develop displacement controlled methods to analyze the pipe deformation behaviour due to adjacent tunnelling, all of which are based on the Winkler model or the homogeneous half space model. The conventional approach for obtaining a solution for
1 INTRODUCTION
Underground construction, including tunnelling, causes both vertical and lateral ground movements. For existing buried structures, such as pipes, the ground movements induced by tunnelling may cause reduction in bearing capacity of the structures as well as the development of additional settlements, and lateral movements. Accurate prediction of tunnelling effects on existing buried pipes poses a major challenge during design and practice in the urban geotechnical environments.
