ABSTRACT

As described in Chapter 1, mix-in-place techniques are used to blend mechanically the in-situ materials with some type of cementing agent, typically referred to as a “binder.” In most applications for dam and levee remediation where seepage cutoffs are required, or where seismic mitigation is the goal, the binder is a Ÿuid, cement-based grout. Where the purpose of the treatment is to improve the bearing capacity of the foundation soil to allow raising of a levee embankment, then the “dry method” has also been used. In the dry method, the binder, now typically slag-cement, is introduced into the ground in powder form and seizes the water necessary for hydration from the moisture in the soil itself.