ABSTRACT
This chapter aims to introduce mass spectrometry (MS) applications in the field of proteomics. It describes the basics of proteomics experiments with particular emphasis on MS contributions both to large-scale proteomic projects and to fine protein characterization such as posttranslational modifications. Mass spectrometers are composed of an ion source, a mass analyzer, an ion detector, and a data acquisition unit. Most proteomic studies are based on two main analytical techniques: two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2DE) and MS. In the classical approach, proteomic studies combine a separative method allowing the isolation of all protein components from crude samples, and a mass spectrometric method allowing their identification and, possibly, the fine characterization of their posttranslational modifications. There are basically two alternatives for sample separation prior to mass spectrometry analysis: mono-or 2DE or liquid chromatography. The development of multidimensional chromatography-based strategy has made possible the identification of membrane proteins by global proteomic approaches.
