ABSTRACT
The formation of macroscopic ice lenses in soil has been found to be perpendicular to the heat flow direction. The ice lens growth continued as long as the loss of heat from the ice lenses towards the soil surface was balanced by the quantity of heat brought up by the water uptake and later set free during phase change. A continuous water uptake and a low pressure on the ice lenses were two other conditions governing the macroscopic ice lens growth in soil.
