ABSTRACT
The burden of chronic heart failure is
likely to rise. Its prevalence increases with age,
and society is ageing. Frailer patients, who
would previously have died at a younger age,
owing to less effective management of
hypertension and ischaemic heart disease,13 are
surviving longer, even if a recent analysis of
contemporary trends in hospitalization for
chronic heart failure in Scotland would
suggest that we are currently at the peak of
This chapter identifies the major and
mostly preventable factors that contribute to
poorer health outcomes among older
individuals with chronic heart failure.
