ABSTRACT
One of the most influential factors for reaching a reliable analysis is the existence of a material model capable of describing the behavior of the material being analyzed at the pertinent scale. For brittle materials, the macroscopic inelastic response stems from material fracture, buckling and crushing of the binder and aggregate microstructure
1 INTRODUCTION
The behavior of concrete and geomaterials under static or quasi-static loading has been a subject of extensive studies for many decades. In more recent years, the behavior of such materials under high loading rates has gained more focus and wider attention. Sophisticated numerical modeling is increasingly used as a tool to analyze high loading rate type problems. Due to the advancements in computational power, it has become possible to carry out large-scale numerical simulations that could reproduce many complex physical processes in great details. Numerical simulation has become a powerful means in the design process as well as in the analysis and investigation of complex physical phenomena. A few examples of using numerical
(Unosson & Nilsson, 2006). These mechanisms become even more complex under high loading rate conditions. Given the computational power available to date, it is not easy to model material behavior on the microscopic level. Therefore, modeling of the constitutive behavior of brittle materials is typically done on a macroscopic level that aligns with continuum mechanics. Several comprehensive models that are aimed at high-impulsive load applications, with consideration of effects such as pressure hardening, strain hardening, crack softening and strain-rate dependency exist. Models of this category include the RHT model (Riedel, 2004), the K&C model (Malvar, Crawford, Wesevich, & Simons, 1997) and JHC concrete model (Holmquist, Johnson, & Cook, 1993).
