ABSTRACT
There are many differences in the submission of reports and work accident registration procedures in different countries [4], so that, the examples of application of the work focusses on Spain.
2 RISK-BASED DECISION-MAKING
2.1 Elements of risk management
Risk management is defined as coordinated activities to direct and control an organization with regard to risk [1], which involves: risk assessment, risk treatment, risk acceptance and risk communication. The focus in this paper is risk assessment, which is defined in [1] as the overall process of risk analysis and risk evaluation. Risk analysis is defined in [1] as the process to comprehend the nature of risk (risk identification) and to determine the level of risk (risk estimation). Risk identification is the process of finding, recognizing and describing risks, which involves the identification of risk sources, events representing occupational accidents, their causes and their potential consequences. Risk identification can involve the use of historical data, e.g. accident and incident reports. Risk estimation is the process of determining the level of risk, i.e. the magnitude of a risk or combination of risks, expressed in terms of the combination of consequences and their likelihood. Risk analysis provides the basis for risk evaluation and decisions about risk treatment. Risk evaluation is the process of comparing the results of risk analysis with risk criteria to determine whether the risk and/or its magnitude is acceptable or tolerable. Risk evaluation assists in the decision about risk treatment. Risk treatment can involve removing the risk source, reducing likelihood or consequences, etc.
