ABSTRACT
First, these were the “Interim standards for effectiveness of rudders and steering nozzles” introduced in 1979 by the Russian Maritime Register of Shipping and which since 1986 and up to now constitute part of the corresponding Rules (RS 2014). Although these effectiveness requirements were formulated in such a way that they do not show explicitly manoeuvrability criteria, some of these had been in fact laid in their foundation by Mastushkin (1981), the principle developer of those requirements.
