Determination of the preferred intervention point for rehabilitation of dense graded asphalt wearing courses on the sand sub-grades of the Swan Coastal Plain in consideration of the triple bottom line (ecological, economic and social impacts)

doi:10.1201/b17219-75

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Determination of the preferred intervention point for rehabilitation of dense graded asphalt wearing courses on the sand sub-grades of the Swan Coastal Plain in consideration of the triple bottom line (ecological, economic and social impacts)

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ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT: In most cases, decisions made by pavement engineers on the rehabilitation of a road pavement wear course are based on a simple economic model. The model compares the cost of replacing the wear course compared to ongoing maintenance of the existing wear course. There seems to be very little consideration for either the ecological impact (excessive fuel use, tyre wear) or social impacts (personal injury and excessive road noise).