Thermodynamics-based constitutive modeling of coupled dissipative phenomena in engineering materials

In the above equations s is specific entropy, Y k stand for thermodynamic forces conjugated to microstructural state variables k , whereas H k are hardening forces conjugated to hidden state variables hk . To derive the kinetic equations the existence of several dissipation potentials Fk is assumed, corresponding to each k-th microstructural rearrangement (due to plastic flow Fp, damage growth Fd , phase change Fph etc.) and defined independently but partly coupled.