ABSTRACT
After the defeat of the revolutions, Marx sought refuge in London, in August 1849, where he hoped to start a German newspaper (Marx to Engels, 23 August 1849). He was married, with three children (and a fourth on the way), but no income. Born into an amalgam of competing states, he was himself stateless. He expected a world conflagration soon to summon him home to Germany, but Marx was to remain in London for the rest of his life.
