ABSTRACT
Biochemical and pharmacokinetic studies of riot control agents (RCAs) deal with the metabolism, mechanisms/modes of action, absorption, distribution, and elimination of these agents as studied in animals and humans. Such studies not only provide a quantitative basis for the toxicology of RCAs but also provide critical insights as to the mechanisms/modes of action that underpin both the pharmacological and adverse health effects of these compounds. The pharmacokinetics (absorption, uptake, distribution/ disposition, and elimination) of riot control agents is discussed initially. The metabolism of RCAs is subsequently presented examining the various pathways – both Phase I and Phase II metabolic processes that are involved in the bioconversion of these chemicals. Discussion continues focusing on the biological interactions and modes of action of RCAs and the relationship to toxic manifestations and adverse health effects.
