ABSTRACT
In the introduction to his 1988 book, Moral Mazes, Robert Jackall writes that he started his research with the intention to investigate ‘how bureaucracy shapes moral consciousness’, but that he ended up studying the ‘manager’s rules for survival and success’ (pp. 3-4). On this journey towards the ‘bureaucratic ethos’, he identified the ‘fragmentation of consciousness’ (p. 84) imposed on managers by the ‘constant state of probation’ (p. 40) they endure.
