ABSTRACT

With the liberalization of the Indian economy, the ability of India’s congested ports to cope with further growth in traffic has become increasingly doubtful. The government of India has predicted that by 2011 to 2012 the cargo handled will reach over 900 million tonnes. India’s sea-borne trade constitutes nearly 95 percent of India’s total foreign trade and the Indian maritime fleet can be divided into three major segments: overseas, coastal, and offshore.1