ABSTRACT
Among the largest economic sectors of ‘trade in services’ are those that profit from the exploitation of nature: tourism, food production and distribution, and processing of natural resources such as timber, fisheries and minerals. These industries operate internationally through integrated production and supply chains. Those chains are controlled by oligopolies that are increasingly ‘transnational in their corporate constitution, multinational in their sourcing, international in their labor allocation, and global in their consumer marketing strategies’ (Konefal et al., 2005, p 294).
