ABSTRACT

CONTENTS 22.1 Introduction ....................................................................................................... 364 22.2 Colonial Legacy .................................................................................................. 364 22.3 Evolutionary Change .......................................................................................... 366 22.4 Revolutionary Change ........................................................................................ 368 22.4.1 Cuba ..................................................................................................... 368 22.4.2 Chile ......................................................................................................371 22.4.3 Nicaragua...............................................................................................372 22.5 Policy Implications ..............................................................................................374 22.6 Conclusions .........................................................................................................375