ABSTRACT
Toxicology is a science that draws upon knowledge, techniques and instrumentation from diverse scientific fields such as biochemistry, chemistry, epidemiology, pharmacology, pathology and physiology. The development of forensic toxicology is evidenced by the proliferation of professional societies and certification boards emphasizing on research funds and continuing education programs and the large number of research articles covering a large variety of subjects. Driving under the influence of alcohol and drugs is considered to be responsible for a large number of deaths, injuries and accidents every year. Alcohol and drugs, in particular, abused drugs can affect some important skills necessary for the safe operation of a vehicle, such as coordination, judgment, perception, tracking and reaction time. To measure a person's alcohol level, the most common biological specimens include blood, urine and breath. Evaluation based on a variety of observable signs and symptoms, and divided attention tests have been proven to be reliable indicators of drug impairment.
