ABSTRACT
Brain chemistry is not often covered in criminology texts, probably because it requires a fairly deep understanding of neurology. However, a brief introduction to the brain and to neurotransmitters can help the reader navigate the general research in this area. The aim of this chapter is then to present a general overview of how neurotransmitters work and the roles that the major neurotransmitters — in particular, serotonin, dopamine and monoamine oxidase A — play in behavior. A fine balance exists between neurotransmitters and behavior, so slight changes can alter behavior in significant ways, most notably through affecting impulsivity and inhibition. As with so many biological issues, neurotransmitter imbalances that cause behavioral changes can sometimes be treated, in some cases with something as simple as a change in diet.
