ABSTRACT
Alkaloids ................................................................................................................ 190 Classiˆcation of Alkaloids ................................................................................ 191 General Properties of Alkaloids ........................................................................ 191 Pharmacology .................................................................................................... 191
Anthocyanins ......................................................................................................... 192 Flavones ................................................................................................................. 192 Flavonoids .............................................................................................................. 193 Tannins ................................................................................................................... 194
Properties of Tannins ......................................................................................... 195 Industrial Uses of Tannins ................................................................................. 196
Essential Oils ......................................................................................................... 196 Pharmacology .................................................................................................... 197 Menthol ............................................................................................................. 197 Camphor ............................................................................................................ 198 Clove ................................................................................................................. 198 Cypress .............................................................................................................. 198 Lavender ............................................................................................................ 198 Jasmine .............................................................................................................. 198 Patchouli ............................................................................................................ 198 Eucalyptus ......................................................................................................... 198 Rosemary........................................................................................................... 198 Other Uses of Essential Oils ............................................................................. 198
Terpenoids .............................................................................................................. 199 Steroids ..................................................................................................................200 Sterols .................................................................................................................... 201
Cholesterol ........................................................................................................ 201 Ergosterol .......................................................................................................... 201 Stigmasterol....................................................................................................... 201
Cardioactive Glycosides ........................................................................................ 201 Steroidal Glycosides.......................................................................................... 201 Cardiac Glycosides of Digitalis ........................................................................203
Saponins .................................................................................................................203 Saponins from Licorice .....................................................................................203
The biological activity of plants on the basis of their chemical constituents forms an integral part of all research material published in German Commission E, European Scientiˆc Cooperative on Phytotherapy (ESOP), or World Health Organization (WHO) monographs and journals. Chemical constituents of the plants are generally responsible for
