ABSTRACT
Until recently, we have been relatively naive regarding catastrophes as a continuation of the disasters with which we have frequent contact, rather than seeing catastrophes as a distinct species of mass emergency. As a result, there is precious little of the requisite science, research, and historical record upon which to build solid planning and protocols. Furthermore, we have learned that the emergency management system realigns itself based on events (Pine). Is the current planning for catastrophes going to be enough to keep us from needing to realign again? Lack of familiarity with the dynamics of catastrophes will lead most communities and states/regions, and even most emergency managers to assume that catastrophes can be effectively managed by the use of protocols and techniques designed for disasters, and will be surprised and confused when responses to disaster-designed inputs are ineffective.
