ABSTRACT
Murat Oznur, MD, PhD, Serap Dede, MS, Debmalya Barh, MSc, MTech, MPhil, PhD, and Mehmet Gunduz, MD, PhD
ABSTRACT The identication of the true chromosome complement in human cells followed by the investigation of abnormal chromosome constitution in malign tumor cells led cytogenetic analysis to be used for the diagnosis and management of many malignancies. A number of studies have identied clinical applications of cytogenetic analysis for different cancers. Cytogeneticists accompany clinicians in this struggle by using current and future diagnostic technologies. Conventional cytogenetic, uorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), and array comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) tests are current diagnostic technologies that are useful for the management of malignancies and for the diagnosis as well as the prediction of cancers. The karyotypes of some tumors are very complex and unstable, which might be considered as useful markers for their diagnosis. There are an increasing number of researches evaluating these markers for specic tumors. Conventional cytogenetic analysis accompanied by molecular genetic tests might be the main course of diagnosing tumors in the near future. Among cancer diseases, gynecologic cancers rank as the second highest cause of mortality and morbidity in women after breast cancer. This chapter focuses on the novel biomarkers that are being used or proposed for use for early diagnosis of gynecologic cancers, including ovarian, endometrial, cervical, vulvar, and vaginal cancers. According to the suitability of tissue, the detection of suspicious genetic abnormalities and their role in the diagnosis and prognostic prediction of a
CONTENTS
2.1 Introduction ..........................................................................................................................44 2.1.1 Development of Cytogenetic Techniques .............................................................44 2.1.2 Cytogenetic Techniques in Solid Tumors .............................................................45
