ABSTRACT
Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS) plays an important role in promoting city logistics for efcient and environmentally friendly urban freight transport systems (Taniguchi et al., 2001). It is no exaggeration to say that the goals of city logistics, which are mobility, sustainability, and livability,
9.1 Introduction 135 9.2 Function of ITS 137 9.3 Applications in City Logistics 140
9.3.1 Modeling City Logistics Using Historical or Real-Time Travel Time Data 140
9.3.2 Matching Systems between Shippers’ Orders and Unutilized Capacity on Trucks via the Internet 142
9.3.3 Parking Information and Booking Systems 143 9.3.4 Joint Delivery Systems 143
9.4 Future Perspectives 145 9.4.1 Platform of Public-Private Partnerships (PPP) 145 9.4.2 Co-modality 146
References 147
cannot be achieved without ITS. There are two reasons for this. One reason is that ITS considerably helps in monitoring the behavior of several of the stakeholders involved in urban freight transport systems, including shippers, freight carriers, administrators, and residents. ITS assists in identifying improved solutions and implementing policy measures relating to urban freight transport issues. Shippers worry about their logistics costs, freight carriers concentrate on providing reliable goods delivery services in urban areas to meet the requests of shippers including time windows. Residents worry about air pollution, noise, vibration, and visual intrusion by pickup-delivery trucks movements and parking when loading/ unloading goods. Administrators in municipalities aim to promote economic development as well as to reduce negative environmental impacts. ITS and Information and Communication Technology (ICT) have the capability of solving these complicated and difcult problems. The other reason is that the efciency of urban freight transport seems to be contradictory to environmental friendliness, but ITS and ICT can solve this contradiction. A good example can be seen in the optimization of Vehicle Routing and scheduling Problems (VRP) based on ITS as well as joint delivery systems using ITS. ITS is very powerful for collecting precise data on the variation of travel times on road networks and these data can be used to establish probabilistic VRP models and solutions that incorporate the uncertainty of travel times.
