ABSTRACT
Innovation is an ancient concept. e capability to innovate is one of the most profound characteristics of human beings. Still, certain periods and places in history have exhibited more innovations than others. Aryabhatta, an Indian mathematician, 3600 years back innovated a thing called Shunya (zero).1 Zero has dierent connotations. If used singly, it means nothing; if put to the right of another gure it increases many folds such as 10, 100, 1000 until innity. Zero can be understanding or ignorance. In Indian religious books such as Vedas and Geeta, the universe is conceptualized as made out of nothing. To grasp it through meditation requires an empty mind, thinking of nothing. In Lean health care, zero can be applied such as zero waste, zero defects, zero medication errors,
Introduction ................................................................................................... 229 Innovation Ecosystem ................................................................................... 230 Managing Innovations .................................................................................. 230 Innovative Learning from Emerging Economies .......................................233 Learning from Advanced Economies ......................................................... 236
Various Innovations by Developed Economies .................................... 236 Do We Need Doctors? .............................................................................. 238 Diculty in Innovation Adoption ..........................................................239
Collaborative Approach .................................................................................241 Summary ........................................................................................................ 242 References ....................................................................................................... 243
zero waiting, and zero infection rate. Prevention is successful if nothing bad happens. In leadership, zero means an open mind as modern management teaches us. Indian frugal innovation means that around the core value there is zero waste. us, innovations can be envisioned as nothing and something: management or process innovations remove things that do not create value; technical and clinical innovations create new value. It stands to reason that in poor countries emphasis is on the former, whereas in rich countries it is on the latter.
