ABSTRACT
The principal cellular component of semen is the spermatozoan or sperm cell, a specialized, flagellated structure approximately 55 micrometers in length. The human sperm cell head is typically ovoid in shape with approximate dimensions of 4.5 micrometers in length, 2.5 micrometers in width, and 1.5 micrometers in thickness. The head contains the cell nucleus which is packed with deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). The anterior portion of the head is capped with the acrosome. This structure is rich in enzymes to assist in penetrating the cell wall of the female egg during fertilization. A flagellated tail is attached to the head via a short midpiece and accounts for about 90 percent of the total length of a sperm cell.
