ABSTRACT
In the decade of the 1960s the conventional wisdom of developmental economics was that "capital" was the missing ingredient in development and hence in social and cultural modernization. As modernizing societies face outward to the international parameters they have but few choices —trade, if they have some comparative advantage or product the markets demand. The political elite of a modernizing nation may take measures to better its position in international trade or to restructure its economy in terms of a program of economic nationalism. Economic nationalism may be more or less strongly espoused. The agricultural change must be seen in a set of interdependencies between it and other aspects of social and economic change. In agriculture, when the noncultivators depend chiefly on capital as the source of income and the cultivators are chiefly wageworkers, the capitalist-rural proletariat mixture is usually organized into the plantation, as frequently described in anthropological studies of labor and economic organization in the Caribbean.
