ABSTRACT

One of the hallmarks of good governance in the modern state is adherence to strict ethical standards by government departments and agencies in procuring goods and services for public programs (these organizations are commonly referred to as government procurement entities or GPEs). Such standards are necessary for several reasons. The procurement of goods and services by public authorities often comprises a significant percentage of both the operating and capital budgets of a government and involves spending a substantial part of the revenue provided by the taxpayer.