ABSTRACT
Differences between a neighborhood and a community• Importance of community as a crime prevention institution• Etiological theories of crime upon which community crime prevention approaches • are premised Essential element of community crime prevention: community-based, collective • action, citizen participation, behavior modification/reinforcement Fundamental prerequisites to community crime prevention: social interaction, • social cohesion, and informal social control Differences and similarities between the “community defense model” and the • “community development model”
This chapter examines community crime prevention (CCP), focusing on two distinct approaches: the community defense model and the community development model. While distinct conceptually, in practice they are complementary and together they reflect Welsh and Hoshi’s (2002, 165) characterization of “community-based crime prevention” as some combination of situational crime prevention and developmental approaches. However, this chapter avoids vague conceptualizations of CCP that have the tendency to include any type of crime prevention strategy under this banner as long as it is implemented within or by a “community.” Instead, in focusing on the two aforementioned approaches, this chapter argues that the “community” is a crime prevention institution in and of itself.
