ABSTRACT
Professor Broad has however shown that there are two distinct kinds of vitalism—Substantial Vitalism and Emergent Vitalism. The first organism which created a chain of self-reproducing organisms must similarly have been designed by a mind, and a mind far exceeding in capacity that of any human being. Substantial Vitalism as put forward, for example, by Driesch, is therefore regarded by Professor Broad, and probably by the majority of biologists, as an unsatisfactory theory. The unacceptable character of Substantial Vitalism is due to the fact that the theory postulates something which is unapproachable and indefinable; and yet is supposed to exist within the sensible world. The idea of value appears to be subtly wrapped up in the word “emergence”. Time is the real mystery behind the idea of “emergence”: It is true that nothing ever arises out of absolutely nothing. There is always something out of which it grows.
