ABSTRACT
In Great Britain, the population was increasing; practical science was advancing by the leaps and bounds; coal and iron, in close proximity, facilitated the application of science to industry; social reform had begun; the standard of living was rising and everything seemed to be undergoing a steady improvement. Although science has been a principal factor in forming the modern outlook, it has not been the only one. Philosophy also has played its part; and science and philosophy have acted and reacted upon one another. While myths of creation are repudiated by the sciences of astronomy and geology, conceptions of mind and soul are revolutionized by biology and psychology. Historical events on which religions are based are explained in a different way by anthropology and history. In science, efficient causes are supposed to be responsible for everything and to reach rock-bottom.
