ABSTRACT
The beginnings of Polish technology exports can be traced to the late 1950s when a few contracts for turnkey deliveries were signed. The bulk of Polish technology export takes the form of technical services in which consulting and engineering are dominant. It is interesting to note that on average about 70% of the total export of scientific and technical achievements (STA) occurs as part of turnkey deliveries whereas the rest is exported in the pure form of licensing or knowhow agreements. Polish export of STA to nonsocialist countries in 90% of cases takes the form of pure licensing or knowhow contracts whereas about 70% of technical services (TS) is exported only in conjunction with the delivery of investment goods. Polish technology export is heavily concentrated in a few countries. As far as CMEA countries are concerned, the bulk of the export both in STA and TS is directed to Czechoslovakia, the German Democratic Republic and the Soviet Union.
