ABSTRACT
This chapter examines the realization process for Agency for International Development (AID) country programming — that is, Security and Development Assistance funds obligated by AID's Office of Southern African Affairs — at two distinct levels, overall funding and project-specific. It investigates the process through which AID'S programming in Southern Africa was realized. Citing the "political justification" and "special circumstances" of the funds in the context of the Lusaka initiative, AID'S Acting Assistant Administrator for Africa deferred to the State Department's Africa Bureau. The general increase in Southern African assistance, it is clear, was determined within the State Department and approved by the National Security Council on the basis of Kissinger, Carter and Haig's commitments. AID's Africa Bureau always "had to be ready" in Southern Africa, and its development planning was vitiated by the State Department's diplomatic heeds and the resulting backwards budgeting. The AID process revolves in theory around an annual Country Development Strategy Statement.
