ABSTRACT
This chapter concludes the book by reflecting on the city-making experiences of Pudong, which are best understood within the macro transformations of China’s economic growth and urbanisation. Pudong has not only been enabled by China’s economy and urbanisation, but it has been a leading factor in China’s economic growth and urban development, and its importance in furthering both these transformations reflects goals embedded in its initial vision and planning. The chapter develops an anatomy of local processes, national settings, and international factors, and uses this to make observations about city making with ‘Chinese characteristics’. These observations capture five theses on this book’s concern with city making: city making and nation building; city making and the globalisation–urbanisation interaction; city making and design-led planning and development; city making and international urbanism diffusion; and city making and sustainable development. These theses join together to construct a framework underpinning an understanding of Chinese city making and urban transformations in recent decades, as typified in the rise of Pudong and the remaking of global Shanghai.
