ABSTRACT
This chapter introduces wind energy, the first renewable energy source covered in this book. The supply chain of wind power will be duly explained, combined with trade and production statistics. Readers will become familiar with the two key wind systems, i.e., the Horizontal-Axis Wind Turbine (HAWT) system, and the Vertical-Axis Wind Turbine (VAWT) system.
Elementary theories of physics and the science of weather are also introduced in order to better explain how wind production can be optimized. Energy efficiency is subject to the patterns of wind circulation, wind velocity, direction, force and pressure, which are impacted by weather/climate and geographical/physiographical particularities.
Energy security for renewables is focused on the national energy mix, energy independence, the grid network expansion in remote areas, and commercial factors. Namely, wind energy affordability pertains to initial investment and production costs, subsidies, and the selection of optimum locations where wind farms can optimize performance.
Case studies of wind-producing nations and organizations are presented. The Risks and Benefits section pinpoints key security topics. Finally, the Recommendations section demonstrates the way to sustainable energy production, which will lead to energy independence and security.
