ABSTRACT
Conventional customers with hydrocarbon-induced demand are increasingly gaining carbon footprint awareness. Lower carbon intensity and environmental considerations are therefore high in demand. As demand-side paradigms change, it is worth of research how energy companies, retails, manufacturers etc. adopt strategies in compliance and voluntary carbon offset markets for the emissions they cannot manage to reduce. Employment of carbon offset credits with goods and services such as natural gas, power and water now also brings new additionalities such as biodiversity, air quality and reduced poverty. This paper first demonstrates the degree of complementariness between compliance and voluntary carbon markets. Then it focuses on demand and supply side to map out the kind of strategies that can be adopted in line with the design of those markets. Finally, it discusses the new developments to watch that might affect demand and supply for carbon abatement.
