ABSTRACT
One of the most important variables in the learning process is feedback, especially that offered by an external source such as a coach. Historically, coaching intervention has been based on subjective observations, which have been shown to be problematic. Bias, highlighting, and memory limitations are a few of the pitfalls associated with a subjective evaluation. Thus, successful coaching hinges on the collection and analysis of unbiased, objective data. Technological advances have allowed coaches greater access to video-based feedback; however, the increased volume of information provided by such a tool requires careful consideration in terms of what aspect of the performance should be focused on by coach and athlete alike. While visual demonstrations can be effective, through either video feedback or the use of a model, it is important the display matches the performance characteristics of the observer to ensure “motor resonance” with the observed movement pattern. Additionally, coaches should carefully consider the many other factors associated with feedback presentation, such as content, amount, and timing, as these also significantly impact the learning process. Lastly, consideration must be given to providing feedback as to where the performer should direct their attention, in order to optimize performance within the stressful competition environment.
