ABSTRACT
Before continuing learning about machine learning algorithms, we introduce the important concept of smoothing. Smoothing is a very powerful technique used all across data analysis. Other names given to this technique are curve fitting and low pass filtering. It is designed to detect trends in the presence of noisy data in cases in which the shape of the trend is unknown. The smoothing name comes from the fact that to accomplish this feat, we assume that the trend is smooth, as in a smooth surface. In contrast, the noise, or deviation from the trend, is unpredictably wobbly: https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9780429341830/b95e679e-1e93-4079-bb19-bb54c8414df7/content/unfig28_1.tif" xmlns:xlink="https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"/>
