ABSTRACT
In a neoliberal world and society increasingly dominated by competitiveness and individualism and fragmented by the social division of labor, which establishes countless hierarchically organized functions while also creating social inequality, we are confronted with gender imbalances expressed in the various spheres in which men and women operate. The term “gender” is assumed, in most cases, to refer solely to women and to consider all women equal, even though certain interests and needs are not always common to all women. Each culture defines, in historical and social terms, the characteristics, identities, values, and roles that are ascribed to men and to women and enacted within social, economic, and political contexts. In the “reciprocity principle,” each relationship between elements or actions corresponds to another interaction—it constitutes a two-way reciprocal relation that operates in different spheres: economic, family, social, natural, ethical, and spiritual.
