ABSTRACT
In a circular economy, each material in the building and its components has to be declared and defined, the composition has to be as pure as possible and it has to separable from other materials. Components that are likely to have a shorter expected lifespan can either be made from biological materials that can be returned to the biosphere or designed to be readily returned to the manufacturer for reuse, remanufacture or recycling. Each of the building elements and materials were classified according to their lifetime and their ability for reuse. Whatever eco-labelling system is used to help with product selection, the main consideration should be to check that it is third-party verified and that it considers the whole life of the material or product, including the manufacturing and in-use impacts and the ability to disassemble, reuse or recycle at end-of-life.
