ABSTRACT
Thinking of a design problem as ecological naturally conjures up images of something that is ever-changing, in motion, and not static. This can be particularly helpful to consider the many contexts, environments, and situations that a design can exist within and encourages more possibilities for design to be dynamic and flexible. It also helps us better understand a specific design as part of a larger system that is also changing. In thinking about sustainability, we can envision our designs beyond the immediate context to consider a future or alternate state. The method of design fiction mentioned in Chapter 1 can be a useful tool in helping us think ecologically about our futures. In his book, Design for the Real World: Human Ecology and Social Change (2005), Victor Papanek argued “To meet problems in a new and creative way has been part of the biological and cultural endowment of our species for millions of years. But, as we live in a society that places a high value on conformity, our creative processes have been blunted or stifled” (154). As a result, design research methods need to focus not only on confirming the assumptions and ideas that are already a part of human culture, but also in revealing new and unforeseen alternatives to the complex issues that are embedded in sustainable design, and to help uncover and reframe some of the foundational paradigms, specifically those of the industrial age that are still very much embedded in western world perspective, especially related to the natural environment. Engaging in ecological design thinking–whether in the research or ideation phase, means embracing a perspective of openness and adaptability, and paying especially close attention to surprising discoveries that are revealed through the process. Ecological design thinking is a systems-based approach to problem solving in design. Research methods such as phenomenological research and case study research showcase how a systems perspective can broaden the understanding of a design problem. Other topics include biomimicry, anti-solutions, and systems thinking.
