ABSTRACT

A smart grid system is the integration of monitoring, measurement, communication, control, protection and signal processing devices into the power system. The smart grid has become a subject of global priority because it allows the interconnectivity of multiple power sources within the same territory. In addition, the enabling environment, platform and technology created by the smart grid has resulted in many power systems migrating from non-intelligent power solutions to a reliable and cost-effective system. This improves the security and efficiency of power generation. However, this chapter provides comprehensive details of smart grid and their applications. It includes the principles of smart grid operation with smart meter, supervisory control and data acquisition, communication system, phasor measurement units, substation automation, feeder automation, distribution automation, etc. Recent advances in communication technology, computer-aided monitoring, control devices and power management system are being utilized globally to automate the power systems to provide better services to consumers. The application of smart grid features addresses the current challenges and shortcomings of the conventional power system. The smart grid allows utilities to have full control over their power systems and services. Thus, Chapter 1 presents smart grid systems with an emphasis on the smart grid architecture, smart grid technology, distributed energy resources, etc. It also provides some insights into the application of protective devices in the smart grid operation.