ABSTRACT
Several Aspergillus species lead to invasive disease in severely immunocompromised patients. The incidence of invasive disease continues to increase alongside the rise in the number of at risk patients, including of solid organ and hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients in addition to individuals on prolonged corticosteroid or immunobiologic therapies. The intensity of the immunosuppressive regimen is the major determinant for the development of IA. As such, high degree of suspicion for Aspergillus disease should be maintained in such patients. Given its ubiquitous exposure arising from aeresolization from the soil, the lungs and sinuses are the most common sites for invasive disease. While use of fungal biomarkers are now more prevalent, diagnosis often relies on histopathologic evidence. Voriconazole has demonstrated superiority over amphotericin and is now the preferred antifungal regimen for treatment of Aspergillus disease. However, successful treatment often requires early intervention with surgical debridement and reduction of immunosuppression if feasible.
