ABSTRACT
Invasive fungal infections (IFIs) are a major cause of morbidity and mortality among patients affected with hematologic malignancies, particularly those undergoing hematopoietic cell transplant and those affected by acute leukemia. In addition to providing a review of pathogens, risk factors and incidence, this chapter focuses on the clinical management of at-risk and infected patients. Diagnosis, chemoprophylaxis, as well as empiric and directed treatment are addressed. The discussion includes the importance of the introduction of isavuconazole and its clinical utility. Immune enhancement strategies, such as recombinant hematopoietic growth factors and granulocyte infusions, are also included. The chapter explores the impacts of published data from randomized trials, meta-analyses, and recently published consensus recommendations from the Infectious Disease Society of America and the European Conference on Infections in Leukemia on IFI prevention and management.
