ABSTRACT
Brain cancer treatment is restricted by various barriers, including the blood-brain barrier, difficulties transport within the brain interstitium and faces problem in delivering of drugs especially to tumor cells and highly invasive quality of gliomas and drug resistance. In this context, the main rogue is the blood-brain barrier, which restricts the therapeutic agents to cross the blood-brain barrier. Another way, shorter half-life of anticancer drugs, the low molecular weight of the drug, and poor steady-state concentration in the malignant glioma cells is a big problem. Therefore, continuous demanding of optimal anticancer drugs and drug delivery systems to the CNS for effective treatment of brain tumor. Literatures revealed that tumor itself develops its own vascular network and have greater endothelial gaps compared to normal vessels. This prominent feature is exploited in the development of anticancer drug delivery by targeting the BBB. Hence, the various anticancer drugs are using to treat primary CNS tumors. Furthermore, recent development made in targeting and crossing the blood-brain barrier (BBB) in a controlled and noninvasive manner by efficiently targeted agents such as antibodies or protein carriers and nanomedicines. Therefore, recent advancement in nanotechnology has provided promising results to this challenge. Thus, several nanocarriers such as solid lipid nanoparticles (NPs), polymeric NPs, liposomes, micelles, nanoemulsions are reported for the anticancer drug delivery to the brain tumor. Many of these nanomedicines are effectively transported across various in vitro and in vivo BBB models via endocytosis and or transcytosis mechanism. In future need to development of nanomedicine which focuses on increasing their drug-trafficking performance and specificity for a brain tumor, improving their BBB permeability and reducing their neurotoxicity.
