ABSTRACT
Based on different theories and principles of management, school-based management (SBM) and external control management have contrastingly different characteristics in their functioning and performance. The worldwide movements of SBM since the 1990s have been expected to facilitate schools to achieve multiple school functions and effectiveness in a fast-changing environment. After its implementation internationally in the past decades, it would be interesting to revisit the theory of SBM and see if it is still valid and useful for implementing initiatives in various waves of education reforms. In particular, how should the theory of SBM and its related practice be adapted to achieve a new vision for the paradigm shift towards the third-wave education in the 21st century? This chapter aims to address these issues.
