ABSTRACT
This chapter presents an investigation of the presence of secondary metabolites in the ethyl acetate extract of Tectona grandis bark extract and the cytotoxic effect against MCF-7 cell lines. Phytochemical compounds were determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. The cytotoxic activity, morphological assessment of cell death, potential of mitochondrial membrane potential and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) damage pattern were evaluated by MTT assay, acridine orange/ethidium bromide (AO/EB) staining technique, JC-1 staining method and comet assay, respectively. GC-MS chromatogram showed the presence of five major phytochemical compounds in ethyl acetate extract of T. grandis bark which includes flavonoids, phenols, and tannins. The inhibition concentration (IC50) of ethyl acetate extract of T. grandis bark was calculated as 1.57 mg/mL for MCF-7 cell line and induced significant DNA damage. Thus, the present study concludes that the ethyl- acetate extract of T. grandis bark possesses potent antibreast cancer activity.
