ABSTRACT
Heavy metals are one among the contaminants of the environment. Heavy metal contamination has become crucial problem in the environment, in which human activities also contribute for producing heavy metals with serious side effects. Bioremediation of the heavy metal pollution offers an effective reclamation solution for contaminated soil. Traditional bioremediation techniques involve utilization of microbial population in environmental cleansing acts. Non-biodegradable heavy metal remains in soil ecosystem long after the process which released the metals has ceased. Bioaccumulation is the process which transports the metals across cell membrane for intracellular accumulation. Microorganisms have ability to produce or release certain organic compounds like pigments or siderophores in presence of heavy metals which can directly reduce or increase the mobility of heavy metals. Biosorption of the heavy metals by microbes in soil, even with low degree of understanding of mechanism involved is crucial in remediation processes.
