ABSTRACT
Chapter 4 provides an essential background for understanding different reactions to loss, in addition to how different theoretical models conceptualize grief and loss. The chapter begins with a discussion of the behavioral, psychological, and physiological reactions to loss. These sections are followed by an examination of the research on the duration and intensity of grief, in addition to the social expressions of it. Last, the author presents an overview of the major theoretical conceptualizations of loss including psychoanalytic, object-relations, attachment theory, cognitive-behavioral, and existential view of loss.
