ABSTRACT
As discussed earlier, the flow of power can happen under fault-free conditions in the network. But if a fault does occur, then the current flowing in the network after the fault occurs depends on the following conditions and resources:
Internal EMFs or voltage sources of all synchronous machines, such as generators, in the network. This current has three distinct components: the current flowing immediately after the fault (subtransient), the current flowing a few cycles after the fault (transient) and the sustained (steady-state) value. All these differ significantly because of the effect of the armature flux and the inherent R–L circuit characteristic of the machine to a voltage source.
Impedances in the network between the synchronous machines and the fault.
