ABSTRACT

This chapter focuses on gestational weight gain, postpartum obesity, and nutraceuticals that are beneficial during and after pregnancy. It discusses the nutrient requirements required during gestation and its role in adequate weight gain. Fatty acids such as docosahexaenoic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, and omega-3 fatty acids are important in the diet of a pregnant woman. Carbohydrates are an essential component of a healthy diet during pregnancy. During pregnancy, micronutrient supplements are commonly recommended in order to increase vitamin and mineral intake. Bovine milk is a liquid food which is nutrient dense with essential components such as calcium, vitamin D, vitamin B12, vitamin A, riboflavin, potassium, and phosphorus. Milk and dairy products are considered to be the best source of calcium. The intestinal tract, placenta, and vagina all contain an abundance of microorganisms known for their beneficial properties that can play a role in pregnancy. Acquiring probiotics from the diet has an impact on these microorganisms, enhancing or reducing their function.