Introduction

‘Glacial’ best describes the rate of change in higher education. Since the first university was founded in Bologna, Italy in 1088, according to the Università Di Bologna’s website in 2018, change in academia has progressed more slowly than in other industries. In 2018, the University of Pennsylvania Archives and Records Center described on its website how Eadweard Muybridge projected a sequence of frames of ‘The Horse in Motion from 1872 with the ‘zoopraxiscope’ at Chicago’s 1893 World Exposition. In the 1920s, Richard Boleslavsky and Maria Ouspenskaya taught lessons based on Stanislavski’s technique at the American Laboratory Theatre in New York. In The Fervent Years, Harold Clurman recalled seeing Jacob Adler in Uriel Acosta at the Grand Street Theatre in 1907. Social media offer a kind of virtual theatre lobby through sharing about film, TV, and digital media online.